Susanne Langer and the Woeful World of Facts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15173/jhap.v5i2.2812Abstract
Susanne Langer is mainly known as the American philosopher who, starting from her famous Philosophy in a New Key (1942), worked in aesthetics and famously saw art as the product of the human mind’s most important, distinctive and remarkable ability, i.e., the ability to symbolise. But Langer’s later consideration of the connection between art and symbol is propagated by an early interest in the logic of symbols themselves. This rather neglected early part of Langer’s thought and her early interests and lines of reasoning, which she somehow abandoned later on to dedicate herself exclusively to the study of art, are the topic of this paper.
References
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Dryden, Donald, 1997. ‘Whitehead’s Influence on Susanne Langer’s Conception of Living Form.’ Process Studies 26: 62–85.
Frege, Gottlob, 1892/1948. ‘Über Sinn und Bedeutung.’ Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Philosophische Kritik 100 (1892): 25–50. Translated into English as ‘On Sense and Reference,’ trans. by Max Black. The Philosophical Review 57 (1948): 209–30.
Innis, Robert E., 2009. Susanne Langer in Focus. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Kuhlman, Erika A., 2002. A to Z of Women. New York: Facts On File.
Lang, Berel, 1962. ‘Langer’s Arabesque and the Collapse of the Symbol.’ The Review of Metaphysics 16: 349–65.
Langer, Susanne K., 1924a. Review of Benno Erdmann, Logik. Logische Elementarlehre. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 275–77.
———, 1924b. Review of Jonas Cohn, Theorie der Dialektik. Formenlehre der Philosophie. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 412–15.
———, 1924c. Review of Festschrift für Paul Natorp. Zum siebzigsten Geburtstage von Schülern und Freunden gewindmet. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 695–97.
———, 1926a. ‘Confusion of Symbols and Confusion of Logical Types.’ Mind 35: 222–29.
———, 1926b. ‘Form and Content: A Study in Paradox.’ The Journal of Philosophy 23: 435–38.
———, 1927. ‘A Logical Study of Verbs.’ The Journal of Philosophy 24: 120–29.
———, 1930a. Review of Andrew P. Uchenko, The Logic of Events. An Introduction to a Philosophy of Time. The Journal of Philosophy 27: 361–63.
———, 1930b. The Practice of Philosophy. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
———, 1930c. Review of Hans Reichenbach, Philosophie der Raum-Zeit-Lehre. The Journal of Philosophy 27: 609–11.
———, 1933. ‘Facts: The Logical Perspectives of the World.’ The Journal of Philosophy 30: 178–87.
———, 1937a. An Introduction to Symbolic Logic. New York: Dover Publications.
———, 1937b. Review of Heinrich Scholz and Friedrich Bachmann, Der Wissenschaftliche Nachlass von Gottlob Frege. The Journal of Symbolic Logic 2: 56–57.
———, 1942. Philosophy in a New Key. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
———, 1946. Translator’s introduction. In Langage and Myth, by Ernst Cassirer, translated by S. K. Langer. New York: Harper & Brothers.
———, 1957. Problems of Art. New York: Scribner.
———, 1962. Philosophical Sketches. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press.
———, 1964. ‘Notes and News.’ Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 25: 305–08.
Langer, Susanne K. and Eugene T. Gadol, 1950. ‘The Deepening Mind: A Half-Century of American Philosophy.’ American Quarterly 2: 118–32.
Nagel, Ernest, 1943. Review of Susanne K. Langer, Philosophy in a New Key. The Journal of Philosophy 40: 323–29.
Nelson, Beatrice K., 1994. ‘Susanne K. Langer’s Conception of “Symbol”—Making Connections through Ambiguity.’ The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 8: 277–96.
Russell, Bertrand, 1904. Letter to Gottlob Frege, 12 December 1904. In Gottlob Frege: Philosophical and Mathematical Correspondence, edited by Gottfried Gabriel, Hans Hermes, Friedrich Kambartel, Christian Thiel, Albert Veraart, Brian McGuinness and Hans Kaal, pp. 166–70. Oxford: Blackwell, 1980.
———, 1914. Our Knowledge of the External World. London: Routledge.
———, 1918. ‘The Philosophy of Logical Atomism.’ The Monist 28: 495–527 and 29: 32–63, 190-222.
Schultz, William, 2000. Cassirer and Langer on Myth. New York and London: Garland Publishing.
Sheffer, Henry M., 1921. ‘The General Theory of Notational Relativity.’ Typewritten manuscript, Harvard Widener Library.
———, 1927. ‘Notational Relativity.’ Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Philosophy , Harvard University: 348–51.
Whitehead, Alfred N., 1919. An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Natural Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———, 1925. Science and the Modern World. New York: Pelican Mentor Books.
Whitehead, Alfred N. and Bertrand Russell, 1910. Principia Mathematica, vol. I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1922. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, translated by C. K. Ogden with an introduction by Bertrand Russell. London: Kegan Paul.
Dryden, Donald, 1997. ‘Whitehead’s Influence on Susanne Langer’s Conception of Living Form.’ Process Studies 26: 62–85.
Frege, Gottlob, 1892/1948. ‘Über Sinn und Bedeutung.’ Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Philosophische Kritik 100 (1892): 25–50. Translated into English as ‘On Sense and Reference,’ trans. by Max Black. The Philosophical Review 57 (1948): 209–30.
Innis, Robert E., 2009. Susanne Langer in Focus. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Kuhlman, Erika A., 2002. A to Z of Women. New York: Facts On File.
Lang, Berel, 1962. ‘Langer’s Arabesque and the Collapse of the Symbol.’ The Review of Metaphysics 16: 349–65.
Langer, Susanne K., 1924a. Review of Benno Erdmann, Logik. Logische Elementarlehre. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 275–77.
———, 1924b. Review of Jonas Cohn, Theorie der Dialektik. Formenlehre der Philosophie. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 412–15.
———, 1924c. Review of Festschrift für Paul Natorp. Zum siebzigsten Geburtstage von Schülern und Freunden gewindmet. The Journal of Philosophy 21: 695–97.
———, 1926a. ‘Confusion of Symbols and Confusion of Logical Types.’ Mind 35: 222–29.
———, 1926b. ‘Form and Content: A Study in Paradox.’ The Journal of Philosophy 23: 435–38.
———, 1927. ‘A Logical Study of Verbs.’ The Journal of Philosophy 24: 120–29.
———, 1930a. Review of Andrew P. Uchenko, The Logic of Events. An Introduction to a Philosophy of Time. The Journal of Philosophy 27: 361–63.
———, 1930b. The Practice of Philosophy. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
———, 1930c. Review of Hans Reichenbach, Philosophie der Raum-Zeit-Lehre. The Journal of Philosophy 27: 609–11.
———, 1933. ‘Facts: The Logical Perspectives of the World.’ The Journal of Philosophy 30: 178–87.
———, 1937a. An Introduction to Symbolic Logic. New York: Dover Publications.
———, 1937b. Review of Heinrich Scholz and Friedrich Bachmann, Der Wissenschaftliche Nachlass von Gottlob Frege. The Journal of Symbolic Logic 2: 56–57.
———, 1942. Philosophy in a New Key. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
———, 1946. Translator’s introduction. In Langage and Myth, by Ernst Cassirer, translated by S. K. Langer. New York: Harper & Brothers.
———, 1957. Problems of Art. New York: Scribner.
———, 1962. Philosophical Sketches. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press.
———, 1964. ‘Notes and News.’ Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 25: 305–08.
Langer, Susanne K. and Eugene T. Gadol, 1950. ‘The Deepening Mind: A Half-Century of American Philosophy.’ American Quarterly 2: 118–32.
Nagel, Ernest, 1943. Review of Susanne K. Langer, Philosophy in a New Key. The Journal of Philosophy 40: 323–29.
Nelson, Beatrice K., 1994. ‘Susanne K. Langer’s Conception of “Symbol”—Making Connections through Ambiguity.’ The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 8: 277–96.
Russell, Bertrand, 1904. Letter to Gottlob Frege, 12 December 1904. In Gottlob Frege: Philosophical and Mathematical Correspondence, edited by Gottfried Gabriel, Hans Hermes, Friedrich Kambartel, Christian Thiel, Albert Veraart, Brian McGuinness and Hans Kaal, pp. 166–70. Oxford: Blackwell, 1980.
———, 1914. Our Knowledge of the External World. London: Routledge.
———, 1918. ‘The Philosophy of Logical Atomism.’ The Monist 28: 495–527 and 29: 32–63, 190-222.
Schultz, William, 2000. Cassirer and Langer on Myth. New York and London: Garland Publishing.
Sheffer, Henry M., 1921. ‘The General Theory of Notational Relativity.’ Typewritten manuscript, Harvard Widener Library.
———, 1927. ‘Notational Relativity.’ Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Philosophy , Harvard University: 348–51.
Whitehead, Alfred N., 1919. An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Natural Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———, 1925. Science and the Modern World. New York: Pelican Mentor Books.
Whitehead, Alfred N. and Bertrand Russell, 1910. Principia Mathematica, vol. I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 1922. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, translated by C. K. Ogden with an introduction by Bertrand Russell. London: Kegan Paul.
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